Under arid and semi-arid conditions, increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity by using less water is a great challenge of the agricultural sector. A field experiment was conducted in Om-Elrakham, Marsa Matrouh Governorate, Egypt during winter season 2016-2017 and repeated in 2017-2018 to examine the effect of various farming practices on wheat production under dryland condition. The treatments were 1) supplemental irrigation treatments (rainfed, 60% of water requirement (SI₁) and full requirement (SI₂)), 2) two hydrogel applications (with hydrogel (H) and without hydrogel (H₀) addition) and 3) three fertilization treatments (control (F₀), traditional mineral fertilizers (TF) and slow release fertilizer (SRF) application) on wheat production. The obtained results indicated that wheat production increased gradually with applied supplemental irrigation in the following order: SI₂> SI₁ > rainfed.  Hydrogel treatment led to an increase in wheat grain yield by 19.1, 14.8 and 9.4% under rainfed, SI₁ and SI₂, respectively compared with H₀ treatment. Generally, the addition of hydrogel enhanced the studied soil physical properties. Slow release fertilizer superior to traditional fertilizers that enhanced wheat yield compared with control (F₀). Although increasing applied water led to decrease IWUE, the addition of hydrogel and slow-release fertilizer raised both of irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and economic water productivity (EWP). Interestingly, the interaction SI₁xHxSRF (1274.5 and 1276.0 kg/fed.) produced higher grain yield than SI₂x H₀x F₀ (928.0 and 995.1 kg/fed.) and SI₂x H₀xTF (1207.0 and 1206.7 kg/fed) in the first and second season, respectively. Thus, it can reserve about 40% of added water by using hydrogel and slow release fertilizers with SI₁ (60% of water requirements) under the studied soil conditions. It can address the challenges of wheat production under dryland conditions by the integration between supplemental irrigation, hydrogel, and slow-release fertilizers.