Improving the irrigation system, and in consequence the irrigation efficiency became an essential issue with the limitation of water resources, and defining the optimal strategy to improve the irrigation system depend on the accurate investigation of this system. The objective of this study is to investigate different components of the Egyptian irrigation system. A typical command area at the north of the Middle Delta (Mit Yazid command area) was selected to represent the Egyptian irrigation network, and MASSCOTE approach was used as an assessment tool. Mapping System and Services for Canal Operation Techniques (MASSCOTE), which was developed by FAO, is a pre-improvement evaluation approach. The approach provides a systematic way to evaluate any irrigation system, which gives a chance to compare this system with other irrigation systems. The approach consists of ten steps in two categories. The first category investigates the irrigation system, and the second category introduces the modernization suggestions based on the results of the first part. The current study applied the first category, which contained applying Rapid Appraisal Procedure (RAP), checking the capacity of the irrigation system, and assessing the sensitivity and perturbation at different control structures.The assessment defined the specific weakness of the irrigation system and it showed that irrigation performance decrease significantly at the lowest level of the system. The reasons for such decrease and the effect of Irrigation Improvement Project on improving the performance were discussed.