Haemolymph protein and quality of royal jelly produced by honeybee colonies fed
only on pollen substitutes were compared with those of natural colonies. These pollen
substitutes were check pea-milk and defatted soy flour. The total sugar amounts of
crude protein and 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid varied slightly but within the reported
range for natural royal jelly. No detectable differences occurred in the electrophoretic
densitogram of water-soluble protein and haemolymph protein. Idealy no differences
were noted in the characters of queen bees reared on the royal jelly.