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217254

FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES OF Encarsia perniciosi (TOWER) AND Encarsia citrina (CRAW.) TO Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (COMSTOCK) IN RESPONSE TO TEMPERATURE

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Last updated: 22 Jan 2023

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Abstract

Prior to the field release of natural enemies in bio-control programs, it is essential to evaluate their efficiency under laboratory conditions. One informative method is the functional response of natural enemy tohost density. Moreover, temperature is an important factor that affects the efficiency of bio-control agent. First, the effect of densities of the diaspidid host, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) on functional response types of the aphelinid parasitoids, Encarsia perniciosi  (Tower) and Encarsia citrina (Craw.) was examined. Secondly, we examined the temperature-dependent functional response for the E. perniciosi. Three temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C) and five host densities (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 scales) were used. At each temperature, 10 to 30 1st instars were exposed to a female E. perniciosi for a 24 h. In the first experiment, the decelerating rate of decrease in the parasitism rate of E. perniciosi indicated a type II response, whereas the absence of significant dependence on host density by E. citrina indicated a type I response. In the second experiment, E. perniciosi exhibited a type II response (inverse-density dependent parasitism rate) at all temperatures. Therefore, releasing the E. perniciosi in the beginning of growing season on low host populations can provide more control. The attack rate of E. perniciosi increased with increasing temperatures from 15 to 25°C, whereas the handling time decreased. 25°C seems to be the most suitable condition for Encarsia activity and reproduction. This implies that E. perniciosi is well adapted to relatively moderate temperature, which allows its implementation as a bio-control agent of Q. perniciosus during the growing season even in countries of higher latitudes.

DOI

10.21608/jppp.2009.217254

Keywords

Encarsia, Functional response, handling time, Instantaneous attack rate

Authors

First Name

M.

Last Name

Bayoumy,

MiddleName

H.

Affiliation

Forest Pathology and Forest Protection (IFFF), Institute of Forest Entomology, Univ. of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna 1190, Austria. Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., B. O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.

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Orcid

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First Name

A.

Last Name

Abd El-Kareim

MiddleName

I.

Affiliation

Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., B. O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.

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prof.abdelsatar@gmail.com

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First Name

A.

Last Name

Abdel-Salam

MiddleName

H.

Affiliation

Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., B. O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.

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First Name

N.

Last Name

Abdel-Baky

MiddleName

F.

Affiliation

Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., B. O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.

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First Name

A.

Last Name

Schopf

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Affiliation

Forest Pathology and Forest Protection (IFFF), Institute of Forest Entomology, Univ. of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna 1190, Austria.

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Volume

34

Article Issue

9

Related Issue

30904

Issue Date

2009-09-01

Receive Date

2009-08-07

Publish Date

2009-09-01

Page Start

9,673

Page End

9,687

Print ISSN

2090-3677

Online ISSN

2090-3758

Link

https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_217254.html

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https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=217254

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2

Type

Original Article

Type Code

888

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023