Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Resistant varieties can be the simplest, practical, effective and economical method of plant disease control. Development of molecular markers helps to determine stem rust resistance genes (Sr genes). The objective of this study was to identify resistance effective genes against the stem rust at seedling and adult stags and to identify Sr genes in eleven genotypes of wheat by molecular markers response of monogenic lines and genotypes of wheat to stem rust reaction. Data at seedling and field studies clustered the genotypes  into 4 main categories; (1) resistant at both seedling and adult plant stages monogenic lines, i.e. (Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31 and Sr32), (2) resistant only at adult stage monogenic lines i.e. (Sr27), (3) scored high susceptibility at both adult and seedling stages monogenic lines (Sr6, Sr16, Sr17, Sr18, Sr21, Sr22, Sr23, Sr28, Sr29, Sr30, Sr33, Sr34, Sr35, Sr36 and Sr40 and  (4) resistant only  at seedling stage monogenic line i.e. (Sr37, Sr38 and Sr39). On the other hand, Egyptian cultivars of Sids-13, Gemmeiza-11 and 3 of CIMMYT-8STEMRRSN Lines i.e. line-6043, line -6085 and line-6086 showed resistance at both stages. Meanwhile, Sids-12, Gemmeiza-10, Misr-1 and Misr-2 were resistant at seedling but susceptible at adult plant stage. The rest of the cultivars were susceptible at both stages. In this study, eleven genotypes of wheat were screened with four DNA markers to detect the presence of stem rust resistance genes Sr2, Sr24, Sr26 and Sr31. Stem rust resistance genes Sr2 were present in all varieties tested whereas, Sr24 detected in two local Egyptian cultivar (Sakha 93 and Misr-1) and one line-6085 from (CIMMYT). Sr26 gene markers produced a 250-bp band that observed in 9 genotypes and did not shown in 2 genotypes. Sr31, marker resulted in a 1100-bp fragment in 7 genotypes, this fragment was absent in the remaining 4 genotypes. These results form a basis for mode of resistance study especially to the unknown sources and to mapping those using molecular markers.