Citrullus colocynthis (L.) fruits were separately extracted with different organic solvents (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol). The volatile components of each solvent extract were characterized and identified by GC/MS technique. The insecticidal properties of each extracts were tested against adults and nymphs of cowpea aphid, Aphis  craccivora Koch.  Methanol extract was the most efficient against both adults and nymphs with LC₅₀ : 639.68 ppm and LC₅₀: 555.9 ppm, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract showed moderate efficacy against adults and nymphs with LC₅₀ : 968.85 ppm and LC₅₀: 833.58 ppm, respectively. Petroleum ether extract showed weak toxicity against adults and nymphs with 3144.99 ppm and LC₅₀: 2768.52 ppm, respectively.