The variability in thirty-six pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes which were represented by two local and four foreign varieties, fifteen drived F₁ hybrids and their reciprocals was used to evaluate the performance of yield and its attributes of these genotypes and the nature of gene action controlling this performance during the seasons of 1997/98 and 1998/99 at El-Kassasein Horticultural Research Station. Both the mean performance of yield characters and gene action suggest that the high-yielded F₁ hybrids; Hunter  x Ambassador and Ambassador x Mammoth  could successfully be used in raising high yield promising new pea varieties. However, additive gene effects without any genic interaction was found to be more important in controlling both number of seeds per pod and pod length. Meanwhile, non-additive gene action was demonstrated for number of pods per plant, pods weight per plant and pod diameter. Both additive and epistatic gene effects were observed for seeds weight per pod. Dominant gene effects were found to play the main role in controlling the expression of number of pods per plant and pods weight per plant. Non-random gene distributions of the dispersion type was observed over parental genotypes for both number and weight of pods per plant, seeds weight per pod and pod diameter.