Essential oils constituents are receiving growing interest due to their bioactivities. This study focused on some aspects of the essential oil obtained from vetiver plant roots, cultivated in the north of Egypt. It is considered as a promising aromatic crop in Egypt, with numerous advantages which compromise with Egypt's environment and soil problems.  The vetiver oil was extracted through hydrodistillation, then, the chemical structure of the essential oil was studied using GC-MS. A total of sixty-three compounds were identified as a result of oil GC- MS analysis. The major compounds were khusimol, Isovalencenol, 2- isopropyl -5- methyl -9- methylene-bicyclo -1- decene (4.4.0), α-vetivol, beta-maalene, vetiselinenol, γ-selinenes, zizanol, khusiol and β-vatirenes. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content were also investigated using phosphomolybdenum assay and Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay respectively. The essential oil showed 75.5% of total antioxidant capacity at 0.1 mg/ml (100 ppm) while the total phenolic content was 6.7 mg GAE /g. Lastly, antimicrobial activity was studied using an agar medium assay and agar disc diffusion method. All in vitro tested concentrations of the vetiver essential oil had proved its efficiency against Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria citri, Rhizoctonia solani, and Erwinia carotovora compared to respective controls.