Two field trials were conducted during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons at the Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University. To evaluate the performance of five Egyptian lentil cultivars (Giza-9, Giza-29, Giza-51, Giza-370 and Sinai-1) under two levels of water treatments; normal and drought (60% and 30% FC). Each trial was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a split-plot arrangement with three replications. Main plots were assigned to the two water treatments, sub-plots were assigned to the five cultivars. Combined analysis of variance exhibited highly significant differences (p≤0.01) for both water treatments and cultivars for all traits. Giza-51 possessed highest seed yield/plant under normal conditions. Sinai-1 showed a slight decrease in seed yield/plant and seed proline exceed under drought conditions. Six drought tolerance indices {percentage of reduction (ROS %), stress tolerance (TOL), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), harmonic mean (HARM) and stress susceptibility index (SSI)} were used to detect drought tolerance of these cultivars. Seed yield in stress conditions negatively correlated with ROS%, TOL and SSI. Therefore, those indices are relevant factors to identify cultivars with low yield and tolerance to drought. Number of stomata showed significant differences in all cultivars. Also, stomatal width was more affected than length due to stomatal closure as a way to reduce water loss under drought. Overall, Giza-51 and Sinai-1 were more drought tolerance than other cultivars. Thus, drought indices, proline content and no. stomata should be given emphasis for future lentil yield improvement programs under drought conditions.