The present work gave evidence to the presence of 11 physiological races of Puccinia striiformis West., the causal agent of stripe rust of wheat in Egypt during 2005/2006. These races were identified as: 4E0, 4E2, 4E16, 64E4, 76E4, 134E18, 196E18, 198E150, 198E86, 206E30 and 230E186. These races were identified according to their virulence to both the world and European set of wheat differentials. They showed a wide range of virulence. The obtained results indicated the efficacy of Yr4⁺, YrSP, Yr1, Yr5 and Yr10. It was recommended to incorporate such genes within the local wheat cultivars aiming to increase their level of resistance against stripe rust. Matching between cultivars and lines indicated that the wheat cultivar Sakha 61 was postulated to have 9Yr's. Also, the obtained results indicated that matching amongst cultivars clarified the presence of common resistance genes against stripe rust. This may be the reason behind the considerable level of resistance to stripe rust i.e., Yr6 and Yr2 and this would indicate the genetic approximation of such cultivars (Gemmeza 5, Gemmeza 7, Giza 168, Sakha 61 and Sakha 93). This report is considered a primitive indicator to the presence of resistance genes, it could be confirmed by studying the pedigree of each cultivar and/or making crosses to observe the segregation. Consequently, the present work is considered an effective tool in the breeding program of wheat against rust diseases in general