This study focuses on the effect of ploughing on vegetation composition, plant density, coverage and frequency percentage and foliage productivity, during the growing seasons (spring and autumn) of 2005 and 2006 in Umm El-Rakham area, 40 km West of Marsa Matruh city at the North West Coast region of Egypt. Fifty plant species belonging to twenty two families were recorded. Higher averages of plant density, coverage and frequency percentage and foliage productivity were recorded for most perennial and annual species in the unploughed sites, compared to the ploughed ones. Among perennial species, the highest figure of importance value (IVs) was contributed by Thymelaea hirsute, Halocxylon salicornicum, and Lycium shawii. While, Anacyclus monanthos, Hordeum marinum, and Plantago notata, had the highest IVs among annual species. Such previous species showed high adaptation under Umm El-Rakham habitat conditions (ploughing stress, varied percentage of CaCo₃, low salinity and pH from neutral to alkalinity).