The morphological, physico–mechanical and anatomical seed characters, in addition to seed surface sculptures appearance by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of 4 species belong to 3 genera within Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae were studied. The first family represented by Leucaena leucocephala Lam. De Wit., while the second represented by Delonix regia Bogor ex Hook and two species of genus Bauhinia; B. variegata L. and B. alba Buch-Ham.    The aim of this study was to distinguish the taxonomic relationships between these species and to confirm the results already obtained from the first paper published on the morphological and ultrastructural features of leaves of the same species. From the morphological result, it could be stated that both species of genus Bauhinia are more close to each other than to the other studied species. They shared many similar morphological characters; i.e. testa surface topography, hilum width, seed shape and seed colour. The physico-mechanical and anatomical characters were not taxonomically sharp enough to differentiate between the studied species, because there are some overlapping in the measurements already calculated. From the SEM on seed testa surface result, it is worthy to mention that there are three patterns for the seed testa, each characterized one of the studied genera, i.e. ocellate characterizes testa of B.variegata and B. alba, granulate for Dolenix regia and aculeate for L. Leucocephala.  All the above mentioned seed characters; morphological, physico-mechanical, anatomical and SEM on seed surface were coded and applied in numerical analysis by using a Single Linkage Clustering technique, which represents the similarity or dissimilarity between the studied species in a form of dendrogram. reflecting the taxonomic relationships between these species.