This study was focused on the morphological and histological characters ofLepidium sativum L. (Garden cress) throughout different growth stages. Eight vegetative characteristics at eight consecutive periods along sixteen weeks of plant age could be determining the behavior growth curves, which were tested by five linear regression models. The shoot system and various reproductive organs were described morphologically. Plant height, number of the main stem internodes, number of the primary and secondary branches/plant, number of silique of the main stem, number of silique/plant, number of seeds/plant, seed index and seed yield/plant was recorded at harvesting time.The interrelationships among these characters wereexplained based on the correlation coefficient, which revealed both positive and negative associations with varying levels of significance. The histological studies showed root secondary growth. The leaflets have anomocytic stomata. The section in leaf petiole represents three large vascular bundles located in the center and two small in the corners. Also, a complete hermaphrodite flower and two seeds inside the fruit surrounded by pericarp were present. The results of chemical composition L. sativum L. seeds showed that, the seeds contain 24% protein, 17% lipids, 35% carbohydrates, 24% crude fibers and 5% ash. The major oil components were α –Linolenic acid (31.50%), oleic acid (19.03%), gadoleic (12.89%), and linoleic (11.62%).