A half diallel crosses involving eight divergent genetically and morphologically genotypes was used to estimate genetic components of some economic traits in Cowpea. The analyses of the F₁ generations and parents revealed that the additive - dominance model of gene action was operating for all studied traits except pod diameter and number of seeds/pod. Both additive and dominance gene effects were important in controlling the variation of all studied traits. The “D" parameter denoring additive variance was larger than the dominance (H₁) for flowering, weight of pods, weight of seeds, pod length and number of branches traits. This result confirming the presence of partial dominance, while the “D" parameter was smaller than dominance (H₁) for number pods/plant and weight of 100- seeds indicated the presence of over dominance. Narrow sense heritability was high for flowering (0.87), weight of pods/plant (0.80), weight of seeds (0.78) and  for weight of 100 seeds(0.76).