In this study, field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer (farmyard manure) and bio-fertilizers (mixture of two bacteria Rhizobium meliloti with Rhizobium spp.), on growth, yield and yield components, and some proximate composition of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Seeds from two different varieties (Shamy-1 and Giza-6) were under investigation. After 40 days of germination, different plant growth parameters were tested based on normal seedlings, including plant height, no. of branch, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, no. of root nodules, and weight of root nodules. The results obtained indicated that all growth parameters of both varieties increased significantly compared with control treatment, and there were significant differences between fertilizers treatments, as treating seedlings with bio-fertilizer surpassed significantly in compare with treating them with organic fertilizer for all growth parameters. The results obtained in this study also indicated that yield and its components were affected significantly by adding organic fertilizer which surpassed significantly over the adding of bio-fertilizer. Regarded to the effect of organic fertilizer on peanut chemical composition, the data showed that all chemical characters except ash content were increased compared with control treatment without treating with any fertilizer. Many oilseed plants are cultivated with poor input resources, this will have greater impact on productivity. With using the biological and organic fertilizers, a low input system can be carried out and it also helps achieving sustainability of agricultural farms.