The present investigation was carried out during 2015/2016, 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 successive seasons using the experimental material consisting of flax parents L₁₆ , Sakha₃, Sakha₄  and L_541/g/3 ,two flax crosses ( L₁₆ x Sakha₃) , and  ,( Sakha₄ x L_541/g/3), and the F₂ ,F₃ and F₄ populations .Genetic variability and divergence studies were conducted among the two crosses of flax.Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the observed characters. Based on the present study, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield per plant and three of its more important components, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsules and 1000 seed weight .The result suggested the importance of additive gene action for their inheritance and improvement could be brought about by phenotypic selection and  may be subjected to mass or progeny or family selection or any selection scheme.The results indicated that the selection indices were more effective  than other selection procedures in improving the most characters under study ,while the independent culling levels selection and individual trait selection based on breeding value per plant  were surpassed significantly most other selection procedures in improving characters under study among F₂, F₃ and F₄ generations among the two flax crosses .