Genetic analysis was employed to investigate the influence of aging treatments on cottonseed viability and to decipher the inheritance pattern of seed quality traits (electrolyte leakage,seed imbibing %, germination % and root and shoot fresh weights under different regimes of accelerated ageing treatments. The seeds of 36 genotypes were artificially aged at 40 ℃ and 95–100 % relative humidity for control (T₀) and accelerated ageing treatments, T₁= 24 hours, T₂ =48 hours and T₃ =72 hours). Analysis of variance revealed that genotypes mean squares were significant for most studied seed quality traits under control and accelerated aging, except for electrolyte leakage at second, third and fourth treatment, and seed imbibing % at accelerated aging condition. The deterioration effects of stress treatments on seed quality traits showed that, the electrolyte leakage and seed imbibing % were increased with the increasing of aging stress. Increased electrolyte leakage with aging confirmed the inferior quality of aged seeds. However, germination % from T₂ to T₃, root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight from T₁ to T₃ were decreased with the increasing of aging stress. The decreases in seedling growth traits by accelerated aging may be a result of progressive loss of seed viability and vigor. Seed index had positively correlated with electrolyte leakage at second treatment and germination %. This indicate that higher seed index may improve electrolyte leakage and seed imbibing % (reduce the ability to both leakage into solution and absorb humidity) under severity storage condition, this relation help to understand the ability of cottonseed storage. Seed imbibing % exhibited negative and significant association with seed germination at second ageing. The genotypic correlations of seed index with other seed quality changed from control (+) to accelerated aging (-), indicating the high effect of aging treatment on the relation between these traits except for germination %.