The present investigation was designed to study the physical and chemical properties of rocket seed oil. The obtained results indicated that rocket seed had high contents  of protein (35.02%), oil (25.77%) and available carbohydrates (22.66%). Rocket seed oil had lower specific gravity, refractive index and saponification value than those of corn, sunflower and cottonseed oils. The iodine value of rocket seed oil was higher than those of corn, sunflower and cottonseed oils. The results cleared that, eleven saturated and unsaturated  fatty acids were identified in rocket seed lipids, while ten only were identified in rocket seed triglycerides. Unsaturated fatty acids play an important role in rocket seed lipids (72.24%) and triglycerides (72.22%). Erucic acid was the major unsaturated fatty acid reached 46.58% and 40.11% in rocket seed lipids and triglycerides; respectively. Moderate quantities of oleic (13.19 and 22.71%) and linoleic acids (11.21 and 7.74%) were presented in rocket seed lipids and triglycerides; respectively. Arachidic acid is found to be the dominant saturated fatty acids in rocket seed lipids (21.56%) and triglycerides (15.92%). Palmitic acid was the second main saturated fatty acids in rocket seed lipids (4.83%) and triglycerides (8.59%). The individual rocket seed phospholipids fractions starting from the base line were phosphatidyl serine, lysophosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl inositol, sphingolipids, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanol amine, phosphatidic acid and glycolipids.