Beta
124896

NUTRITIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF JOJOBA, HIBISCUS AND PUMPKIN SEED KERNAL FLOURS

Article

Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

-

Abstract

     The, present study was carried out to maximizing the available and valuable sources of proteins of the agriculture plant`s waste and industry duties . So this research focusing on the nutritional and functional properties of defatted hibiscus, jojoba and pumpkin seeds flour. Analysis were carried out on defatted seeds, to determine proximate chemical composition , such as crude protein , ether extract, ash, crude fiber, amino acids and carbohydrate content.The latter was calculated by difference. Protein content ranged of 23.4, 28.0 and 53.5 % of dry mater base (DM) of jojoba seeds flour (JF),  hibiscus seeds flour (HF), and pumpkin seeds flours (PF) respectively. In addition, fat content ranged from 13.9 % to 33.8 % of HF and PF, respectively, while the highest fat content 54.9% obtained from JF. Antinutritional compounds, such as phytates detected in all flours, ranged from 0.23 to 0.5 g/100g DM. Functional properties of all flours were assessed, such as  water absorption index (WAI), water soluble index(WSI),  acid number (pH), foam capacity (FC) and foam stability (FS). All flours were excellent in their functional properties except FC and FS of PF was inferior good.  Amino acids compositions of these flours were also determined. The protein of these flour had abundant amount of total essential amino acids and higher than recommended by FAO/ WHO (1973). This research classified the amino acids of all seeds flour into groups to identify the flour potential for food supplementation in bakery and meat processed formulation. The nutritional value of the protein and its quality methods based on in vitro (chemical) and animal bioassays in vivo for assessment of protein quality have been developed by predicting protein quality depending on the determination of amino acids and calculated chemical scores, essential amino acid index (EAAI), amino acid / essential amino acids ( A/E ) ratio, amino acids score (AAS), estimated biological (BV) and calculated protein efficiency ratio ( PER ). An in vivo of protein quality depending on biological assessment using rats which depending on true digestibility percentage (TD), BV and net protein utilization (NPU) were investigated. By comparison, between their chemical estimation and bioassay, it's clearly view that, both of HF and PF had good quality protein; as expressed by their high TD, BV and NPU when compared to poorly JF. Both of these flours were significantly a quite similar to standard protein of casein. Meanwhile, jojoba flour had a considerable amount of antinutritional factors of simmondsin, which act as satiety inducers and impede bioavailability of protein. All of these nutritional values of the different flours HF and PF concluded those have an excellent protein and nourished sources. These flours could be potentially added to food system, such as bakery products, complementary foods and meat products, moreover JF have been promising not only their nutritive value but also for their responsibility to diminish satiety and reducing food intake for dietetic persons.

DOI

10.21608/jfds.2008.124896

Keywords

amino acid, antinutritional, A/E ratio, BV, Chemical composition, chemical scores, EAAI, EAAS, Functional properties, flour, Hibiscus, food supplementation, Jojoba, PER, phytates, Protein quality, Pumpkin, Nutritional Value, seeds, simmondsin

Authors

First Name

W.

Last Name

El-Reffaei

MiddleName

H. M.

Affiliation

Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Sanaa

Last Name

Mahfouz

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

M.

Last Name

Masoud

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Shereen

Last Name

Nada

MiddleName

A. S.

Affiliation

Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

33

Article Issue

7

Related Issue

18678

Issue Date

2008-07-01

Receive Date

2020-11-23

Publish Date

2008-07-01

Page Start

5,083

Page End

5,101

Print ISSN

2090-3650

Online ISSN

2090-3731

Link

https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/article_124896.html

Detail API

https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=124896

Order

1

Type

Original Article

Type Code

886

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences

Publication Link

https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

NUTRITIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF JOJOBA, HIBISCUS AND PUMPKIN SEED KERNAL FLOURS

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023