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115825

STUDIES ON SOME BAKERY PRODUCTS FORTIFIED WITH BARLEY AND SORGUM FLOUR

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Last updated: 22 Jan 2023

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Abstract

This study was undertaken in an attempt to use some flour substitutes in bakery  production such as cakes and biscuits. Fifteen formulas of cakes and biscuits  were prepared. The control formula contained only  wheat flour ; the other formulas wheat flour was replaced with barley or sorghum flour substitutes at different levels (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 100 % of each). Wheat flour had the lowest (WAC) value of only 202.89. The (WAC) values of wheat flour rose from 211.36 - 231.18g water/100 g when replaced at levels of 15 % - 40 % of barley flour and ranged from 210.35 - 230.65g water/100 g when replaced at levels of 15% - 40 % of sorghum flour. Barley flour had the highest value (159.60g oil/100 g sample) of oil absorption capacity (OAC) followed by sorghum flour which had the second highest value (136.56) of (OAC). On the other hand, wheat flour had the lowest (OAC) value (111.63). The (OAC) values of wheat flour ranged to 114.37 - 128.96 g oil/100 g when replaced at levels of 15 % -40%,  of  barley flour  and, 113.78 - 120.96 g oil/100 g when replaced at levels of 15 % -40%,  of sorghum flour. The specific gravity of cake batters ranged between 0.92 to 0.97. The specific gravity values of batter containing 100 % wheat flour showed the highest values. Replacement with barley or sorghum flour increased the porosity of the cake. Wheat flour had the highest values of bulk density (0.61g/ml ), while barley flour had the lowest values of bulk density (0.44g/ml ). Blending of barley flour or sorghum flour in wheat flour led to the decrease of the bulk density value of wheat flour. The obtained data for the chemical composition of the cakes were moisture (12.92 - 16.60%), protein (8.87 - 10.51%), total lipids (21.66 - 24.00%) and carbohydrates (63.86 - 67.11%). The energy values of cakes ranged between 487.90 to 495.55 Kcal/ 100 g calculated on a wet weight basis . The obtained data for the chemical composition of the biscuits were moisture (1.37 - 2.27.60%), protein (6.96 - 8.14%), total lipids (14.66 - 16.52%) and carbohydrates (63.86 - 67.11%).  The energy values of  biscuits  ranged between  466.15 and  475.22 Kcal/ 100 g calculated on a wet weight basis . Adding barley or sorghum flour to cake formulas as flour substitutes resulted in no significant differences (P<0.01) in the sensory characteristics (taste, color, texture, flavour , appearance  and  overall acceptability ) in the cakes  and biscuits. The panelists in this study found all the samples to be acceptable The results suggest that barley and sorghum flour can be successfully used as flour substitutes in producing cake and biscuits of high quality which are highly nutritive at a reasonable cost.

DOI

10.21608/jfds.2009.115825

Authors

First Name

Sanaa A.

Last Name

El-Sherif

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Affiliation

Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture,Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

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First Name

M. N.

Last Name

Kenawi

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Affiliation

Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture,Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

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Volume

34

Article Issue

12

Related Issue

17530

Issue Date

2009-12-01

Receive Date

2020-09-28

Publish Date

2009-12-01

Page Start

11,101

Page End

11,114

Print ISSN

2090-3650

Online ISSN

2090-3731

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https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/article_115825.html

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https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=115825

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5

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Original Article

Type Code

886

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences

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https://jfds.journals.ekb.eg/

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023