This special issue of IJCBR “Role of postgraduate researchers in advancing cancer and biomedical research" aims to raise awareness of the importance of postgraduate scientific research in the fields of cancer and biomedical research among scholars and junior researchers. There is always a need to discover safe natural materials or novel synthetic compounds to treat different types of cancer as well as other diseases.The research works presented in this special issue include abstracts from masters' and PhD theses on six topics Anticancer therapeutics, Cancer biology and immunology, Drug discovery, Biological activities of biochemicals, Nanotechnology, and Medicine and Nursing. Overall, I do believe that the scientific findings from the thesis are of great importance and added new values for the biomedical research in general and cancer research in particular. The studies presented several natural and chemical compounds with different biological activities, including anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, as well as immune enhancer, opening new avenue for drug discovery. These studies highlight that fundamental role of postgraduate students in advancing biomedical research and innovation.