This research aims at studying and analysing the productivity
efficiency of the most important crops in Egypt through detecting the amount
of costs, and estimating the signs of the productivity costs.The signs of
productivity efficiency of the most important crops in Egypt had been
estimated through detecting the productivity costs on the long run in the
years 1970- 2003, besides making use of the real values of cultivating
expenses disregarding the effect of montary innation.The higher productivity
of some crops such as cotton, rice, maize and bean had been estimated
.Through this study, the researcher discovered that the productivity costs of
cotton had reached 1.223 .The average of productivity costs of cotton
decreased when its production reached 6.25 million per one kantar. This
COuld be achieved when we cultivated 0.9 million feddan of cotton. The
prodution amount of cotton had to be increased to 9.13 million kantar , this
could happen only if we cultivated about 1.43 million Iedoan. It had ben
discovered that we wouldnot be able to fUlfill this goal. As for the productivity efficiency of rice, it was discovered that the
costs reached 0.619, i.e this was the productivity costs of (:-;1:: in Egypt
during the first phase. To put it differently we should increase the capacity of
our production . The reasults showed that the average production of rice
decreased when the production reached 6.04 million tons. I.e we cultivated
1.77 million teddan . Whereas. we should cultivate about 2.26 million feddan
so as to increase the productivity income of rice in Egypt i.e about 7.7 million
tons. The results proved that the production of rice had been decreased to a
certain point that woutd lessen the average of costs to 76.2 % in the years
2000-2003. It was discovered that the productivity costs of maize reached 0.304
i.e this was the production of maize during the first phase. To put it
differently. we shouid work hard so as to increase the production elments
that Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 30 (9), September, 2005 of productivity costs decreased when the production of maize reached about
47.5 million, if we cultivated about 1.58 million feddan We should cultivate
about 2.23 mililion Ieddan of maize so as to increase the productivity income
of maize. The results showed that we would not be able to reach the piont
which will help in increasing the productivity income of that crop. i.e we
would not be able to decrease the average of production to 87% throughout
the years 1970-2003 . As for wheat the productivity costs reached 0.5502,
i.e .this was the production of wheat in Egypt during its first phase .We must
work on to increase the production elements that would help in the growth of
wheat .lt was discovered that we should lessen the average of productivity
costs when the production of wheat reached 36 million ardabb i.e. when we
cultivated 1.54 million feddan ,we should produce about 43 million ardabb to
increase the productjyity income of wheat in Egypt. This could be attanied
throug~ the cultivating of 1.8 million feddan . The reasults proved that the
production of wheat in the years 2000-2003 exceeds the amount of
production of wheat .so this would lessen the average of productivity costs of
wheat. It was also discovered that the average production of wheat exceeds
also the production amount and this leads to the increase of the productivity
income, As for beans, it was discovered that the productivity income of bean
reached 0,384. To put it differenllY,thls was the production of bean during its
first slage i.e. we should increase our production elements, The results
showed that the lessening of the aYl~rage of production took place when its
production reached 2.6 million ardabb i.e when we cultivate 1,3 million feddan
. If we want to increase the amount of production of bean we should produce
about 3 million ardabb , in other words to cultivate about 1,5 million tedoan . It
was discovered that the actual production of beans reached approximately
the production which will help in lessening the average of productivity Last but not least, tl'll'! afore·mentioned results referred to the
improvement of the overall production of such crops as wheat, rice and bean
because the farmers accepted the increase of prices in recent years.
Whereas, the production of cotton decreased due to the direct lnterterence of
the government in detecting the price. becides the decrease of the cotton
price and the increase of its productivity costs as well. Thus. the farmers
gave up cultivating cotton. Yet, though the price of bean increased it was no
more cultivated due to the decrease of its importance in Egypt when it waS
compared with other crops, besides facing a lot of problems in its production
and its inability to be developed. Finally, the government should interfer to increase the productivity of
some crops especially cotton and bean and it Sh("~:Ll work also on the
decreasing of productivity costs of the impotant crops, Evenlually the farmers
would cultivate such crops especially the crops that would help in the
fulfillment of self-sufficiency or that would help in the increase of agricul!ural
exports and consequently the increase of foreign currency in Egypt.