The present investigation was planned to determine factors affecting anther culture response traits in cucumber, especially growth hormone concentrations. Therefore, six cucumber cultivars, were used for anther culture technique. These cultivars were Poinsett 76, Telegraph Long, Speed Way, Algy, GY 14 A and Beta Alpha. Anthers from each cultivar were cultured on MS medium with three different levels of hormone balance. The data were recorded on each cultivar for responding anthers, calli and green point percentages. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analyses and the results could be summarized in the following: Highly significant differences were observed among genotypes for the three studied traits. Therefore, the planned comparisons between these genotypes as well as the further partition of phenotypic variance to its components are valid. The hormone balance levels as well as genotype × levels interaction mean squares were highly significant in both calli and green point percentage traits, but was not significant in the case of responding anthers. The cultivar ‘Speed Way' was the best for all studied in vitro traits with respect to three hormone balances on MS medium.
In conclusion, the results could be recommended that each cucumber genotype or group of genotypes need altered media with suitable hormone balance for improvement their ability for haploid induction through anther culture technique.