The present study aimed to compare reproductive performance, milk yield, and progesterone profile of Friesian cows diagnosed with late uterine involution (UI), natural early-UI, and those induced to early-UI by oxytocin (OXY). At calving, total of 30 normal multiparous lactating Friesian cows the experimental animals (n=30) were divided into two groups, one group (control, n=20) which were left normally without treatment up to complete UI, and another group (n=10) were i.m injected with 50 IU of OXY within 6-12 hours after parturition. Results showed that mean duration of UI was earlier (P<0.05) in early UI and OXY groups by 22.2 and 18.8% as compared to late UI. Estrus/service rate (ER) increased (P<0.05) in OXY as compared to late-UI, but did not differ significantly in early-UI. Postpartum 1^st estrus PPFEI and service (PPFSI) intervals were shorter (P<0.05) in early-UI than in late-UI and OXY groups. Service period was lower (P≥0.05) in early-UI and OXY than in late-UI groups. Days open was lower (P<0.05) in early-UI than in late-UI. Pregnancy rate (PR) was higher (P<0.05) in early-UI and OXY than in late-UI. Reproductive index was higher in OXY than in late-UI (63.39 vs. 42.33%, P<0.05), and in early-UI than in late-UI (46.99 vs. 42.33%, P≥0.05). Milk production (weekly, daily, and total) was not affected. Early uterine involution naturally in lactating cows or inducing early uterine involution by oxytocin within 24 h of calving have a beneficial effect on the reproductive performance of lactating cows without adverse effect on milk production.