The field study was done to study the effect of both water and soil quality on cultured Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in the farms near NorthernDeltaLakes. Six earthen ponds (about one Faddan each) were used in this experiment in three different locations; around Edco, Borollus and Manzala lakes. Three treatment-locations were tested in double replicates (2 ponds/lake); so six ponds were stocked with mono-sex males of  tilapia (12000 fingerlings/pond with average initial bodyweight of 37±1 g).  Growth performance, assessment of heavy metals residues, clinical, postmortem and laboratory examinations were done. The differences in the final weights (harvest) were significant and the lowest body weight came from farms around LakeManzala and samples of water and soils suffered more from heavy metals pollution and parasitic diseases than fish from farms around LakeEdco and LakeBorollus. Regarding the clinical, postmortem and laboratory examinations; fish suffered from hepatitis, enlargement of the gallbladder, infested with metacercaria of Digenia and larval nematodes in all farms. From this study, overcoming pollution should be done seriously for producing fish fit for human consumption. The result from the study gave important information on the levels of the heavy metals  in water and fish tissue .The concentrations of heavy metals  in the water and fish tissue were under the permissible limits in Edko and Borollus lakes while in Lake Manzala the concentrations of heavy metals  in the water and fish tissue were above the permissible limits. It is recommended that more attention must give to fish resources by the government to continuously reduce to the minimum level of lakes' pollution.