Milk production traits are economically important for dairy industry. The aim of the present study was to detect QTL responsible for milk yield and composition in the Egyptian buffalo. A total number of 106 purebred Egyptian buffalo cows were genotyped for a set of ten microsatellite markers. Daily milk records analyzed were 33,299; including only records corresponding to the first five lactations with days in milk prolonged from 5 to 290. All markers tested were successfully amplified, showing a considerable degree of polymorphism. Estimates of observed heterozygosity varied from 0.5 for BM6438 to 0.950 for CSSM061. Expected heterozygosity ranged between 0.505 and 0.855 for the same two loci, respectively. Microsatellite BM143 showed significant (P<0.05) effect on average daily milk yield deviation (ADMYD) and protein percent. Also, the last trait was influenced significantly (P<0.05) by the locus CSSM047. Fat yield (kg) was affected by microsatellites BM1443 (P<0.05) and CSSM061 (P<0.01). Marker ETH3 showed marginally significant effects on fat percent and protein yield (kg). The findings obtained may be useful in increasing accuracy of selection and rate of genetic gain in Egyptian buffalo.