India is the second largest producer of rice, wheat and other grains in the world. According to the final estimate for 2015-16 by the Ministry of Agriculture of India, the production of major cereals such as rice and maize amounted to 104.32 million tons, 21.8 million tons and 8.08 million tons respectively, and is the largest source of grain products in the world. India's grain exports were estimated at $ 8,078.85 million during the year 2017-18.
Rice (including basmati and non-basmati) occupies the main share of India's total cereal exports by about 95.7% during the year. Other cereals, including wheat, represent only 4.3% of the total grain exported from India during the same year. India is the largest producer of ginger and okra among vegetables and ranks second in the production of potatoes, onions, cauliflower, spring, cabbage, etc. Among the fruits, the country ranks first in the production of bananas (25.7%), papaya (43.6%) and mango (including mangoes and guava) about 40.4%.
India's vast production base offers enormous export opportunities. During 2017-18, India exported fruits and vegetables valued at about 1,459.93 million dollars, which consists of fruits valued at about 655.90 million dollars and vegetables worth about 804.03 million dollars. Mangoes, walnuts, grapes and bananas represent a large part of the exported fruits from the country, while onions, okra, margarine, green gourd, mushrooms and potatoes contribute significantly to the vegetable export basket.
India's exports of animal products were about US $ 4,623.05 million in 2017-18, of which the main products such as buffalo meat (about US $ 4036.89 million), sheep / goat meat (about US $ 129.68 million), poultry products (about US $ 85.71 million) , Animal skins ($ 50.68 million), processed meat (about $ 1.54 million), eggs (about $ 154 million), milk ($ 12.98 million), and natural honey (about $ 101.32 million). The demand for Indian buffalo meat on the international market has raised a sudden increase in meat exports.
The buffalo meat dominated exports with about 89.08% of the total exports of animal products from India. It will examine how India has achieved this status and its efforts to raise export rates on all products and to study the annual growth rates of the most important agricultural products.