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Effects of Botulinum Toxin A (Botox) on cellular organs of Submandibular Salivary Gland in Rats (Ultrastructural study)

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Introduction: Botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) has been used for treating hyperfunction of various glands such as sweat, lacrimal, and salivary glands. However, the long-term histological sequences are largely unknown. Objectives: The present study is to evaluate the histological and ultrastructural effects of BoNTA on submandibular salivary gland (SSG). Methods: Sixty male albino rats received 0.1 ml of either saline (control group) or BoNTA (BoNTA group) injection in the right SSGs. The rats were terminated at 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the injection. The harvested SSGs were embedded and sectioned at 4-5 µm and stained with H&E for histological study. Ultrathin sections (60-90nm) were cut from1 mm3 pieces harvested from the center of SSGs, and mounted on copper grids for ultrastructural study using transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: All control SSGs showed normal acinar cells with rounded nuclei and regular striated ducts (SD) with characteristic basal striations. By TEM, acinar cells exhibited rounded nuclei, mitochondria, and secretory granules at cytoplasm. Numerous mitochondria presented in SD. Compared with these features, 2-week BoNTA-injected SSGs showed loss of basal striations. Examination by TEM revealed irregular nuclei of acinar cells and SD, and swollen mitochondria. In 4-week SSGs, some acini and ducts lost their spherical fashion and in some areas, these structures disappeared. Ruptured mitochondria were observed in acini and SD by TEM. However, all 12-week BoNTA-injected SSGs seemed to have similar structures to those of control SSGs. By using scoring system for semi-quantifying the histological structural changes of BoNTA-injected SSGs, 2- and 4-week BoNTA-injected SSGs showed significantly higher scores as compared with their control counterparts. However, no significant score difference was found between 12-week BoNTA-injected and control SSGs. Conclusions: Although application of BoNTA results in significant changes in histological structures and ultrastructures of SSGs, these detrimental effects seems to be transient, and the major recovery occurs after 3 months. Thus, BoNTA can be used for treating SSG hyperfunction.

DOI

10.21608/ajdsm.2018.71693

Keywords

Botulinum toxin A, Submandibular salivary glands, histology, ultrastructures, rat

Authors

First Name

Hany

Last Name

Sherif

MiddleName

Abdel-Hamied

Affiliation

Professor of Oral Biology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

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First Name

Abdelnaser

Last Name

Esmail

MiddleName

Abdelmawla

Affiliation

Assist. Professor of Oral Biology, Assiut University, Egypt.

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First Name

Mohamed

Last Name

Abdelfattah

MiddleName

Yehia

Affiliation

Dept. Oral Biology, Assiut University, Egypt.

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Orcid

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First Name

Zi-Jun.

Last Name

Liu

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Professor of Orthodontics, University Washington, Seattle, USA.

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Wael

Last Name

Abouzid

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Professor of Basic Dental Science, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.

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Volume

21

Article Issue

5

Related Issue

10905

Issue Date

2018-12-01

Receive Date

2020-02-17

Publish Date

2018-12-01

Page Start

503

Page End

510

Print ISSN

1110-6751

Online ISSN

2682-3314

Article File

AJDSM_Volume 21_Issue 5_Pages 503-510.pdf

PDF . 745.3kB

Link

https://ajdsm.journals.ekb.eg/article_71693.html

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https://ajdsm.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=71693

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Original Article

Type Code

848

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science

Publication Link

https://ajdsm.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Effects of Botulinum Toxin A (Botox) on cellular organs of Submandibular Salivary Gland in Rats (Ultrastructural study)

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023