Background: aggression and depression are common problems among children in
orphanages. Occur in the form of disobedience, anger, verbal hostility and self blame,
and affected on academic achievement, less concentration and cause withdrawal from
society. The aim of these study aim was to assess aggression and depression among
orphanages' resident children. Sample & setting: A descriptive cross sectional design was
selected in carrying out this study on a sample of 97 orphan child residing 5 orphanages;
Epnaty, Phagr El Eslam, El Safa. El Amal and Tahsin El Seha Shelters). Tools: the main
tools used for data collection were; aggression scale and depression scale. The results of the
present study revealed that 29.9% of orphans children had depressive symptoms and 35.1%
had aggressive symptoms. Additionally, males had more depressive symptoms than females,
while females had aggressive symptoms more prevalent than males. Physical aggression was
recorded among 20.0% of orphans children having depression and a total aggression was
recorded among 20.6% of orphans children having depression. It can be concluded that
females orphans were more aggressive than males and male ones were more depressive than
females. Increased aggression and depression among orphans was related to increase time
spent in orphanage. The study recommended that health educational programs should be
given to caregivers in orphanages and teachers regarding how to deal appropriately with
those children.