In Egypt there are many monumental sites and stone buildings
that suffer from several aggressive environmental factors of
deterioration (chemical, physical and biological). These
Deterioration effects mostly resulted from the environmental factors
such as sun rays, moisture effects, seawater, human activities, and
can cause a great harmful appearance that leading finally to destroy
these sites completely. So, the sites must be periodically
investigated through many scientific techniques in order to check
their decay conditions and to define the most suitable conservation
approach; non-destructive, harmless methods recommended for
preservation. From specialized point of view, this study investigates
some samples collected from some of these sites through using
some specific techniques to evaluate their decaying conditions such
as XRD "studying the mineralogical constitutes", AAS "studying
the chemical constitutes", SEM "studying the morphological
features" and Vp technique "studying the durability index ". Our
results proved that all deteriorated symptoms affecting the Egyptian
archaeological sites were essentially due to the interaction between
the deterioration factors dominated in these sites. These symptoms
such as Scaling, Crusting, Soiling, Crumbling, Salt crystallization