The diversity of the different environment and cultures that got under the Islam flag had an effective role in shaping Islamic architecture, which combines various architectural achievements in all around the Islamic world and its destructive character that embodied spirituality of Islam religion. The most important of it , is the religious architecture that has spread and evolved until it became the most prominent in the Islamic architecture across all the historical   periods and in different region conquered by the Muslims , from India eastward to the Atlantic ocean to the west . and with that it represent the Muslims personality. The first type of religious Islamic architecture was the mosque which took the attention of Muslims since the dawn of Islam religion and it is the centre of the city that all the buildings constructed   around it. Environment has certainly huge impact on the formation of the special architecture type for the mosque, which was always submitting to the climatic conditions of the area that was built during it using local materials, but without getting far from the origins that represent the spirit of Islamic architecture. Despite the active role played by the mosque in the rural community but researchers neglected it, rural effects did not received Scientifics interest as compared to the effects in the cities. The rural heritage left by our ancestors disappear day after day and the lead to a lost of an important page of our history and our culture. We will try through this humble study that is under the title of “THE RURAL MOSQUE IN BENI OUERTHILAZN AREA IN THE EAST OF ALGERIA" to answer some of question as: -what are the architecture types in the rural religious architecture in Beni ouerthilan? - What are the characteristics that distinguish it from other types? - does the climate factor affect the planning and the simplicity of monument in its creation and its form? إن لتنوع و اختلاف البيئات و ثقافات الشعوب التي دخلت تحت راية الإسلام دورا فعالا في تشکيل العمارة الإسلامية،التي تجمع مختلف المنجزات المعمارية في کل أقطار العالم الإسلامي و طابعها المميز الذي جسدته روحانية الدين الإسلامي الحنيف، أهمها العمارة الدينية التي انتشرت و تطورت، حتى أصبحت السّيمة الأکثر بروزا في العمران الإسلامي عبر کل المراحل التاريخية و في مختلف المناطق التي فتحها المسلمون من الهند شرقا، إلى المحيط الأطلسي غربا، و هي بذلک تمثل الدلالة الواضحة على شخصية المسلمين الحضارية، و من أول أنواع العمارة الإسلامية الدينية، المسجد الذي حظي باهتمام المسلمين منذ فجر الإسلام،حيث کان المرکز الرئيسي للمدينة تتوزع حوله المساکن، و المدارس، و الأسواق، و غيرها من المرافق.