ABSTRACT
Experimental and numerical studies of heat transfer and the frictional head loss of
turbulent flow in a duct with a heated upper surface are performed in the present
paper. Four different arrangements are considered (case 1: without baffles, case 2:
one perforated baffle on the upper wall and one solid baffle on the lower wall, case 3:
one perforated baffle on the upper wall and one perforated baffle on the lower wall
and case 4: two perforated baffles on the upper wall). A numerical code developed
by the present authors is simultaneously presented including four different
turbulence models; namely: the standard k −e , the modified k −e including
streamline curvature, the renormalization group model (RNG model) and the ¢ − f 2 v
model. The last one shows the best verified results compared with the other models,
so ¢ − f 2 v model is considered in all computations. The presence of baffles
enhanced the heat transfer relative to the smooth-wall duct. Finally, pressure loss
and temperature drop along the test section are employed to evaluate the hydraulic
and thermal performances of the duct at different Reynolds numbers. It is found
experimentally and numerically that the perforation and position of baffles have a
significant effect in the pressure loss and internal cooling of the duct.