Lakes are very important part of the aquatic ecosystem in Egypt. Edku Lake is one of the northern coastal lakes in Egypt which is the third largest wetland area in it. Edku Lake receives huge amounts of drainage water from four main drains, namely, Edku, El Bousily, El Khairy and Bersik which effect on its ecosystem. This study was carried out four seasons of 2017 where twenty-four surface water samples and fish samples were collected from sex stations in the lake. The results of water quality indicated that temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and phosphorus were indicated in suitable range at all study stations. While, ammonia and nitrite were indicated in stress range for fish, but nitrate results were lied as desirable results. Results of lake water bacterial load (TC& CF) are exceed the permissible values mentioned by EC, 1998 and Ministry of Health, Egypt, 1996. Also, the bacterial loads (Total bacterial count, TC& Coliform group, CF) found in this study for Nile tilapia organs (skin & muscle) was beyond the standard value (FAO, 1979 and ICMSF, 1982), which indicate their unacceptability as food from public health point of view which may be cause human health risk due to consumption of tilapia collected.