This paper presents the effect of atmospheric turbulence, which is the main factor affecting energy production in renewable sources such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems. The power generated by PV and wind systems could be affected by partial shading, the temperature of shaded cells increases and thus reduces the energy generation of the shaded photovoltaic and the same is occurred in wind farm(WF) , over the day  wind speed or wind direction are varying. In fact, weather instability not only affects the energy production for PV and wind farms but also effects on the sustainability and reliability (RES) during conversion to island mode operation for protection of microgrid which are a part of adaptive protection of the smart grid. On the other hand, It's deal with the determination of fault current (During three phase short circuit (SC) and phase to ground fault) at different configurations in model, each overcurrent relay (OCR) will be adapted based on the status of the grid that by monitoring the parameters of the grid or microgrid for RES where each OCR's has several settings (two or more). In adaptive protection system, it's a centralized supervisory system and it modifying the OCR settings centrally based on the grid configuration. Main advantage of using adaptive protection of OCR to choose the optimum setting that to eliminates the consequences of  incorrect OCR coordination values when applied .That will be lead to wrong decision whether incorrect trip event  or no response of OCR under fault conditions. That will be facilitated maintain the energy reliability in smart grid.