Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the highly infectious diseases which cause high mortality rate in the poultry flocks and extensive loss in the glopal poultry industry.Vaccination is the most effective method for prevention and control of viral infection. Reccently, nanotechnology plays special role to develop new methods for preparation of adjuvant ,which play a main role in the potency and safety of vaccines. In this work an inactivated NDV (genotype VII) vaccine (NDV-CS-NPs) was prepared using chitosan nanoparticles(CS-NPs) by encapsulation using ionic gelation technique to enhance the potency of the NDV vaccine.The Newcastle diseasevirus (NDV) antigen was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles with high stability and good morphology which was observed using the transmission electron microscope. The mean diameter of the NDV-CS-NPs after encapsulation was 389.1 nm with an encapsulation efficiency 78% and a zeta potential 2.7 mv. The prepared vaccine was safe and sterile. Cellular immune response and phagocytic activity of immunized chicks showed significant progress which persisted till 21stday post- vaccination. Serum antibody titer was increased from the 1st week after vaccination (WAV) and continued till 25th WAV against NDV. Vaccinated chickens were protected after challenge with the virulent NDV. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of an inactivated NDV vaccine with chitosan nanoparticles that save cost and time for vaccine production.