Gastric ulcer is a common chronic disease in human digestive system. Massive alcohol drinking can lead to gastric ulcer. The gastroprotective effect and molecular mechanisms of Proanthocyanidin in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal erosion were investigated.35 male rats were divided into five equal groups. Group 1 :( Control normal) rats received no drugs. Group 2:(Early ulcer) rats received absolute ethanol (0.5ml/100g rat) orally on empty stomach and sacrificed one hour later. Group 3 :(Early ulcer + proanthocyanidin protected) rats received proanthocyanidin orally (300mg/kg b.wt/day) for 3 weeks before ethanol administration then sacrificed after one hour. Group 4: (Late ulcer) rats received ethanol similar to group 2 and sacrificed after 21 days. Group 5: (Late ulcer + proanthocyanidin treated) rats first administered with ethanol (0.5ml/100g rat) and after one hour proanthocyanidin was administered for 21 days. A significant increase in stomach L-MDA concentration with marked decrease in CAT activity and GSH concentration were observed in gastric erosion -induced rats. However, a significant depletion of gastric L-MDA level and marked increase in CAT activity and GSH concentration were observed after Proanthocyanidin treatment when compared to ulcerated rats. A significant up-regulation of gene expression level of BAX, NF-κB and IL-1β with down-regulation of Bcl-2 gene were observed in stomach of gastric erosion -induced rats. However, a significant down regulation of BAX, NF-κB and IL-1β with up-regulation of Bcl-2 gene were observed after Proanthocyanidin treatment. Conclusively, Proanthocyanidin protects rat gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced gastric erosion via anti-inflammatory, anti- apoptotic and anti-oxidative mechanisms.