An inactivated oil-emulsion H5N1 avian influenza (AI) vaccine was experimentally formulated
with 3 parts of an inactivated avian influenza virus [A/chicken/Egypt/Q1995D/2010 strain-1 and
A/duck/Egypt/M2583A/2010 strain-2] emulsified in 7 parts of oil adjuvant. The prepared vaccine
was sterile and safe. This water in oil (W/O) emulsion showed zero mS/cm conductivity and 22.67
m.pa.s viscosity; this low viscosity reflected on easy injection of the vaccine emulsion. In addition,
long duration of stability for 24 months at +4C°. Cell mediated immune response of chicks
vaccinated at 21 days age were assessed using lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity
showed high values from the 3^rd day post vaccination (DPV) and continued till 21^st DPV. Serum
antibody titer against avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N1 was increased from the 1^st week post
vaccination (WPV) and persisted in high values till 31^st WPV using hemagglutination inhibition
(HI) test. Efficacy of the prepared vaccine showed 100% protection in challenged vaccinated
chicks. In conclusion, the prepared AI subtype H5N1 vaccine on Montanide ISA-71 showed good
humoral and cellular immune responses that could cover two varieties of H5N1 subtypes circulating
in Egypt.