Background: Asthma is a complex, multifactorial, immune-mediated condition with a number of molecular immunopathological mechanisms underlying airway inflammation, hyperreactivity, and bronchial remodeling. MicroRNAs are important regulators in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the level of expression of serum miR-1165-3p in allergic asthma and its correlation with serum IgE levels. Subjects and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 30 allergic asthma cases and 20 healthy subjects as a control group. The level of expression miR-1165-3p was evaluated by qRT-PCR using the comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method. Serum total IgE levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: miR-1165-3p and serum total IgE level were significantly upregulated and elevated, respectively, in asthmatic patients in comparison with control group. The area under the ROC curve of miR-1165-3p showed 0.988 (95% CI 0.967 to 1, P value < 0.001). Asthmatic patients showed a significant positive correlation between the expression level of miR-1165-3p and IgE levels (r =0.687, P