Background: Multiple Myeloma is an incurable B cell tumor characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Objective: to assess serum level of soluble mannose receptor (sMR/CD206) in multiple myeloma patients and to predict its role in pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Methods: A case- control study was conducted on thirty Egyptian patients (15 males and 15 females; their age ranged between 40-73 years) diagnosed with multiple myeloma and twenty race and sex matched healthy controls. Patients attending the clinical oncology and nuclear medicine department ,Faculty of medicine , Menofia University. Informed consent was obtained from the patients and this study was approved by local ethical committee of Faculty of medicine, Menofia University and Benha University Hospital. Results: All studied MM cases were evaluated, 26.6% had ISS I, 40% had ISS II and 33.3% had ISS III. Hemoglobin level was significantly lower in MM cases when compared to control group (P0.05 for each). MM patients had significantly higher sMR level when compared to control group at diagnosis (P value