Background: A wide range of splenic lesions may be encountered in clinical practice. The aim of the study is to highlight the role of MDCT in the differential diagnosis of splenic lesions. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 20 patients presented to radiology department at Benha University Hospitals for diagnosis, during the period from January 2019 to January 2020. Results: Among the 20 patients included in this study; 9 of them were males and the other 11 were females with no significant relation between the sex and the pathology, 5 of the patients were diagnosed as cystic lesions while 11 cases were diagnosed as solid lesions as follow; 4 patients were diagnosed as hemangioma, 6 patients were diagnosed as lymphoma, And one patient was diagnosed as splenic metastases, And 4 patients were diagnosed as others as follow; 3 patients were diagnosed as infarction, one patient was diagnosed as splenic lacerations. Conclusion: CT is a good screening modality for the spleen and its findings are useful to differentiate benign from malignant splenic lesions, which are characterized by mainly solid nature of the splenic mass and presence of underlying malignancy.