Clinical trials are of particular importance in Egypt, as it occupies the second place of African countries hosting Clinical research. The Egyptian legislator recently issued a law regulating medical research and made one of the most important purposes of this law is to protect volunteers. The importance of this article comes from being an attempt to clarify the Sharia rulings on protecting volunteers in a comparative study with Law. This article comes in an introduction, a preface, two sections, and a conclusion. As for the introduction, it shows the aim, importance, and relationship to the Conference on Legal Protection for Humans, and the preface explains Medical Trials and its different types. The first section is entitled: “Subjects' Rights in the Clinical Medical Research Law," in which I review the various rights guaranteed by law. The second section is entitled “Rules to protect subjects in Islamic Sharia." As for the conclusion, it contains results, e.g., Islamic Sharia has established rules that are compatible with modern legal systems in the field of human protection. Recommendations: e.g., establishing a fund to compensate for the damages resulting of medical trials.