Introduction:Monoclonal antibody is an antibody that is specific for one antigen and is produced by a B-cell hybridoma.  Hybridoma technology has been replaced by recombinant DNA technology and transgenic method (mice, plant and chickens). Once monoclonal antibodies for a given substance have been produced, they can be used to detect the presence and quantity of this substance and so monoclonal antibody has many diagnostic applications.
Aim of the work:To clarify the new methods for production of monoclonal antibodies and application of monoclonal antibodies in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Conclusion:Hybridoma technology has been replaced by recombinant DNA technology and transgenic method (mice, plant and chickens). Once monoclonal antibodies for a given substance have been produced, they can be used to detect the presence and quantity of this substance and so monoclonal antibody has many diagnostic applications as in the analysis of cell surface and secreted molecules like CD molecules identification and identification of transcription factor FOXP3. Also, they have a role in the molecular genomics to identify the susceptible genes that predispose to development of autoimmune thyroid diseases.