Introduction:The growth of Nanotechnology in the past few years changes every aspects of human life. Today, nanoparticles are used in personal care products, cosmetics, sunscreens, and in biomedicine as drug delivery system and for therapeutic purposes.Among the most common nanotechnology in consumer and medical products are zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Most applications of ZnO NPs exploit the reactivity of the oxide, as a precursor to other zinc compounds. They are widely used as drug delivery vehicles, anticancer agents, components of the restorative dental and food packaging materials, and as cosmetic, antiseptic, and ultraviolet protection products (sun screen). Exposure to ZnO NPs could occur in the industrial settings and through everyday consumer products.
Aim of the work: Our aim was to study the histological changes in the kidney of adult male rabbit after administration of different doses of ZnO NPs.
Materials and method:Our study was carried out on 15 adult male rabbits.The animals were divided into three groups randomly. Group Ι: kept without treatment as control group.Group Π: were received ZnO NPs by intraperitonial injections in a dose of 100ml/kg(0.4 cm of  prepared solution) once daily for 14 days.Group ΠΙ: were received ZnONPs byintraperitonial injections in a dose of 250ml/kg (1cm of prepared solution) once daily for 14 days.The rabbits were sacrificed on the fifteenth day of the experiment,kidneys of each animal were obtained and stainrd by Hx&E.
RESULTS:ZnO NPs have had a prominent toxic effects on kidney tissue. There were destruction of proximal convoluted tubules inform of loss of brush border, vacuolation of cytoplasm and intratubal protein deposition. Also the renal corpuscles showed congestion and dilation of glomerulus.
Conclusion: ZnO NPs causes histopathological changes of the kidney through oxidative stress. These may give us more information on hazards of ZnO NPs on human health.