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267602

Biological, physiochemical and sensory evaluation of hard biscuit enriched with a powder of moringa leaves (<i>Moringa oleifera</i> L.)

Article

Last updated: 22 Jan 2023

Subjects

-

Tags

Dairy Science, Food Science and Technology

Abstract

Moringa oleifera is a tree of a not well-understood plant since it has not been fully studied all over the world. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of Moringa oleifera leaves powder (MOLP) on the biological, physiochemical, and sensory evaluation of hard biscuits. MOLP can be used as a functional food ingredient for both food and organic applications. The proximate analysis showed that Moringa leaves are rich in fiber, protein, carbohydrate, and ash (13.68, 21.60, 54.83, and 4.07 g/100 g, respectively). Moringa oleifera leaves are a reliable source of essential minerals such as Na (09.10), K (20.82), Mg (03.36), Ca (19.30) and Fe (18.64) mg/100 g. The amino acid composition of MOLP contained 8 essential and 9 nonessential amino acids, and the percentage of these was determined. The total phenolic content was 52 mg GAE/g. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity was 85%. HPLC analysis of phenolic acids and flavonoids was performed. The proximate analysis and mineral composition of biscuits fortified with 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% MOLP showed that all treatments increased the mineral, protein, and amino acid contents by increasing the percentage of Moringa leaves powder compared with the control. Sensory accepts up to 1.5% of MOLP with a hard biscuit. MOLP decreased glucose levels at different concentrations compared to the control, while hemoglobin levels increased with increasing Moringa leaves. A similar test was observed for body weight. The results have shown the possibility of using dried Moringa oleifera leaves powder to improve the nutritional values of hard biscuits with sensory acceptability and biological effects.

DOI

10.21608/aasj.2022.267602

Keywords

<i>Moringa oleifera</i>, Antioxidant activity, amino acid, Flavonoids, Phenolics

Authors

First Name

M.

Last Name

Salama

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

Email

dr.salama@azhar.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-7550-0523

First Name

G.

Last Name

El-Sharnouby

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

gamali59@azhar.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-7101-1378

First Name

A.

Last Name

Nassar

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

Email

drnassar126@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Related Issue

-2

Receive Date

2022-09-13

Publish Date

2022-10-19

Page Start

62

Page End

83

Print ISSN

2535-1680

Online ISSN

2535-1699

Link

https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_267602.html

Detail API

https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=267602

Order

63

Type

Research article

Type Code

764

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal

Publication Link

https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

-

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023