The incoming new generation network has three main objectives to be achieved: (1) Quality of Service (QoS) which is controlled by the bit error rate (BER), congestion rate, the latency, and the throughput. (2)Reliability controlled by the network availability & survivability. (3) Security controlled by the wide spread use of incriptian, the access control, the authentication & authorization, auditing or accounting. Network availability models are built, where the networks Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) are measured depending upon the components types, and the failure rates of optical cable. Mesh architecture is proposed, and analyzed to increase the availability of the Egyptian backbone when applying the span protection, and path protection method on this architecture.