Back ground : Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in up to 3% reproductive age couples. Potential uterine predictors for implantation measurable by ultrasound include endometrial thickness and volume, endometrial pattern, as well as blood flow in the uterine and sub-endometrial arteries.
Aim: to evaluate endometrial thickness and uterine artery blood flow using Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle for women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Patients and methods: A prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted on 90 non pregnant women :45 Patient group and 45 Control group. All participants underwent comprehensive examinations and were scanned by transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography during the midluteal phase to measure endometrial thickness, the pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) values of the left and right main uterine arteries. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: No statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard to endometrial thickness. While highly statistically significant increased right and left uterine arteries S/D ratio ,RI and PI in the cases group when compared with the control group (p-value < 0.001) .
Conclusion: Normal blood flow to uterus plays an important role in pregnancy outcome while endometrial thickness has less important role. Color Doppler ultrasound can be used to detect abnormal uterine Doppler indices that can predict pregnancy outcome.