Background: The detection of foetal anomalies is critical in detecting fetal/maternal problems that may occur during and after pregnancy. As a result, foetal imaging is crucial for obstetricians. Several studies have assessed the efficacy of 2D and 4D ultrasound in diagnosis, and the use of 4D ultrasound in routine practise has begun to be investigated.
Aim Of The Study: To determine the extended imaging of 3D/4D ultrasonography in prenatal assessment of anatomical structure of the brain and early diagnosis of the brain congenital anomalies.
Patients and methods: This was a prospective descriptive study will be conducted on 50 pregnant women with suspected Fetal Brain Anomalies (FBA); to determine the extended imaging of 3D/4D ultrasonography in prenatal assessment of anatomical structure of the brain and early diagnosis of the brain congenital anomalies.
Results: Regarding diagnostic accuracy of 2D vs 4D U/S; A comparison study of 2D and 4D U/S assessments revealed a highly significant increase in specificity and negative predictive value in the 4D U/S assessment (p 0.01 respectively). A comparison of 2D and 4D U/S assessments revealed a non-significant difference in disease detection rate. , sensitivity and positive predictive value (p > 0.05). This study shows a fair agreement between 2D and 4D U/S assessments of brain anomalies (kappa =0.380).
Conclusion: There were no significant difference between 2D and 3/4D ultrasound efficacy in detecting different brain anomalies; but 3/4D is more accurate, sensitive and specific, and tend to detect brain anomalies earlier in time than 2D U/S.