Background: The accretion of the placenta has now been identified as a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.The condition is defined as the placenta adhering abnormally to the uterus.

Aim of the study: The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of grayscale ultrasonography and 3D power Doppler in detecting placenta accreta vs maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in women who had previous caesarean sections.

Patients and Methods: After 36 weeks of pregnancy, 100 patients with previous caesarean sections were classified into two groups: cases with placenta previa and controls with upper segment implanted placenta. Ultrasound was used on each group. Maternal serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein are determined using greyscale ultrasound and 3D power Doppler. The status of the placenta is assessed intra-operatively by the surgeon.

Results: At the time of Cesarean delivery, 30 patients had placenta accreta and its variations (including increta and percreta). When we compared greyscale ultrasound to 3D power Doppler and MS-AFP, we discovered that MS-AFP had the highest sensitivity, at 88.9%, followed by greyscale ultrasound at 77.8% and 3D power Doppler at 66.7 percent. However, with a specificity of 33.3 percent, MS-AFP was the least specific, followed by greyscale ultrasonography with a specificity of 66.7 percent. and 3D power Doppler with a specificity of 83.3 percent.

Conclusion: MS-AFP could be used in conjunction with 2D and 3D ultrasonography to diagnose placenta accreta in the prenatal period. It could also be used as a screening test for placenta accreta diagnosis.