Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a multilesional protozoan-induced infection that causes papules, nodules, plaques, and ulcers on exposed parts of the body with a well-defined erythematous boundary as well as a central crust. Several treatment modalities have been tried, such as systemic or intralesional medications, as well as destructive methods, but none is free of negative impacts. The Pulsed dye laser and the Nd: YAG laser have been studied in a variety of skin disorders and are considered promising treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Aim of the study: To assess and compare the effects of pulsed dye and the Nd YAG laser in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Patients and Methods: Sixty patients suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis were classified into two groups, each with 30 patients: Group I received pulsed dye laser treatment, while Group II received Nd: YAG laser treatment.
Results: Group I showed recovery of 22 cases after 3 sessions and 8 cases after 4 sessions while in group II 18 case recovered after 3 sessions and 12 cases  after 4 sessions.
Conclusion: pulsed dye showed more rapid response compared to Nd-YAG laser but with statistically insignificant comparison. Both modalities showed minimal complication in the form of scarring.