Background: there are many options in treatment of DME. Intravitreal injection of Anti-VEGF is standard treatment of DME. Ranibizumab is one of worldwide used. Intravitreal injection of non steroidal anti-inflammatory is one of new modalities in treatment .Diclofinac is promising material for DME.

Aim of the study: Comparison between intravitreal injection of Diclofinac versus Ranibizumab in treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME)

Methodology: Patients with DME were categorized into 2 groups , group 1 (40 eyes) managed with intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg/0.1mL Ranibizumab, group 2 (40 eyes) managed intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg /0.1 mL of diclofenac. All patients' best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and Central macular thickness (CMT) and IOP followed up for three months

Results: At the end of 3rd month, the BCVA improved significantly in both groups it was (0.3± 0.087) decimal in the IVD group and (0.26 ± 0.046) decimal in the IVR group, which was statistically significant (P-value <0.05) . CMT decreased to (257.12± 45.96) µm in the IVD group and (257.3± 48.79) µm in the IVR group. There was no statistically significant meaningful difference between the two groups by the end point (P-value >0.05). The IOP in the IVD group reduced to (14.85± 2.01)mmHg and in the IVR group increased to (15.22± 2.87) mmHg. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P-value = 0.5).

Conclusion: In DME, Diclofenac has a reasonable effect comparable to Ranibizumab on CMT and significant visual gain.